Punk
Punk is predicated on aggressive musicianship and often heavy,
angry politics. It has roots in the nihilistic sounds of the
Stooges, the MC5 and the Velvet Underground, but Punk came into
its own in England in the late '70s as a savage reaction
to polished, tired mainstream rock and pop. More than a musical
revolution, Punk was a full- blown assault on the soured,
restrictive social and political conventions that lingered in
England following World War II. Punk's pioneers emerged from
New York City's Lower East Side. They blended elements of aggression
and attitude with undertones of Hard Rock, Girl
Groups and even Rockabilly, turning rock 'n' roll on its head.
Overseas, where few people were living England's 'dream'
lifestyle of economic security, sophistication, and modernity,
bands such as the Sex Pistols -- Punk's standard bearers --
burst onto the scene. Taking their cue from the New York groups,
the Sex Pistols' anger and rebelliousness permeated their
music, their appearance, their stage presence, and the embittered
politics of their lyrics. Meanwhile, faster, rawer, and
bitterly radio-hostile acts like Black Flag and the Dead Kennedys
were taking wing on the West Coast, even as the more
expansive X (from Los Angeles) and the legendary Clash (from
the U.K.) broadened the definition of what Punk could be.
Punk finally topped America's charts in the '90s, with the Punk-Pop
of Green Day and the Ska Punk of Rancid -- both
Berkeley, Calif., bands who owed huge debts to the Ramones and
the Clash. Nirvana's Punk roots were meanwhile so
distinct that the Grunge music they defined can be considered
a flavor of Punk. But Punk as music and as an underground
culture thrives, especially on regional scenes and through a
loosely-knit network of fanzines (fan magazines), college radio
shows and all-ages concerts.